Quasi-Static Puncture Performance of Soya-Epoxy Composites Reinforced with Jute, Glass, and Nano-Carbon Fibers: Influence of Indenter Shape and Environmental Conditions
J. Environ. Nanotechnol., Volume 13, No 4 (2024) pp. 169-176
Abstract
The growing need for sustainable and impact-resistant materials has driven research into natural fiber-reinforced composites for lightweight and durable applications. This study investigates the quasi-static puncture resistance of natural fiber-reinforced soya-based composites reinforced with jute, glass, nano-carbon, and glass woven fibers. Puncture tests were conducted using flat, ball, and cone-shaped indenters to analyse the influence of indenter geometry on the mechanical response of the composites. Results revealed that the flat indenter, with a larger contact area, achieved the highest peak load (2705.750 N) by distributing force across more material, while the ball indenter recorded moderate peak loads (1792.00 N), and the cone indenter, with a concentrated tip, exhibited the lowest peak loads (1608.25 N) due to focused stress. Microstructural analysis post-testing highlighted deformation, crack initiation, pull-out, and delamination, elucidating the failure mechanisms. These findings underscore the critical role of indenter shape, reinforcement type, and composite properties in determining puncture resistance, offering insights into the structural behaviour and potential applications of soya-based composites in impact-resistant designs.
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