Antibacterial Activity of various ZnO Nanostructures on Pathogenic Bacteria found in Selaiyur Lake, Tamil Nadu, India
J. Environ. Nanotechnol., Volume 8, No 3 (2019) pp. 07-15
Abstract
Water is the elixir of life, and globally, the imperative need of the hour is uncontaminated water. Water has a great impact on every aspect of human life. With increasing environmental pollution and rapid growth of population, the need for developing technologies to remove pathogenic bacteria from the water bodies has become inevitable. This research was aimed at studying the effect of synthesized ZnO nanostructures on a few very common gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria - Klebsiella, Staphylococcus, Proteus and Bacillus, found in Selaiyur Lake, Tambaram, Tamil Nadu, India. Zinc oxide nanoparticles used for the anti-bacterial study were synthesized by dry mechano-chemical and sol-gel methods. The SEM images of the samples have shown the formation of spherical, flower-shaped, nut-shaped and hexagonal disc-shaped nanostructures. The XRD analyses have shown the formation of pure hexagonal wurtzite crystalline structures. The particle sizes of the synthesized samples were found to be in the range of 15-90 nm. The lake water samples taken for studies have undergone serial dilution using saline solution under sterile conditions. By the method of spread plate, the bacterial colonies were observed. The experimental results have shown that the synthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles have appreciable antibacterial properties. Using the gram stain test, both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria were found in the sample. The nanoparticles were found to be resistant to both types of bacteria. The spherical nanostructures with ZnO nanoparticles of 16-19 nm size, synthesized by dry mechano-chemical method were found to be more effective against all the four types of bacteria studied. The size and surface morphology effect of ZnO nanostructures on bacterial growth were also studied in comparison with commercial bulk ZnO nanopowder.
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