Biogenic Photodegradation of Methylene Blue Dye Using Azadirachta Indica (Neem) Leaf Extract: A Novel Green Catalyst Approach
J. Environ. Nanotechnol., Volume 13, No 4 (2024) pp. 191-201
Abstract
This study reports the green synthesis of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles using Azadirachta Indica (neem) leaf extract (AIL), providing an environmentally sustainable approach for environmental and biomedical applications. Neem leaves were thoroughly washed, air-dried, and ground into a fine powder, which was then used to prepare an aqueous extract. ZnO nanoparticles were synthesized by reacting zinc sulphate and sodium hydroxide solutions, to which neem extract was added dropwise. The reaction mixture was then subjected to drying and annealing, resulting in the formation of ZnO nanoparticles. Characterization through scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis demonstrated enhanced dispersion, bio-functionalization, high crystallinity, and an increased surface area. The AIL/ZnO nanoparticles demonstrated superior photocatalytic activity, achieving complete degradation of methylene blue dye at pH 7. Additionally, they exhibited potent antimicrobial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. This environmentally friendly synthesis approach minimizes the use of hazardous chemicals and yields multifunctional nanoparticles with significant potential for wastewater treatment and antimicrobial applications, positioning AIL/ZnO as a promising material for addressing environmental and healthcare challenges.
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