Synthesis and Characterization of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles from Coal Fly Ash Waste and their Application for the Removal of Methyl Red Dye from Aqueous Solutions
J. Environ. Nanotechnol., Volume 13, No 4 (2024) pp. 47-55
Abstract
Coal fly ash is a major global challenge for human health and the environment. Tremendous efforts have been made to develop value-added materials from coal fly ash (CFA). One such attempt was made in this work to recover crude iron fraction from the CFA by the wet magnetic separation method; the extracted crude iron and concentrated HCl were subjected to sonication and heating to obtain iron leachate. In the first step, iron extracted from CFA was mixed with concentrated HCl, sonicated for 2 hours, and heated at 60 ℃. Then, the acidic iron-rich leachate was utilized as a precursor material for forming iron oxides by using NaOH precipitation methods. Then the iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) were analyzed using XRD, FT-IR, and FE-SEM techniques. The spherical to cuboidal shape of IONPs of size 80-500 nm was revealed by FE-SEM. The IR showed typical bands at 444, 601, 1101, 1406, 1742, 2007, and 3127 cm-1, while XRD revealed peaks at 31.020° and 44.830° and a small intensity peak at 34.710°, indicating the formation of IONPs. Further, the synthesized IONPs were evaluated for the remediation of methyl red (MR) dye from the simulated wastewater. The adsorption efficiency of MR dye was about 64.75%. Such techniques for utilizing industrial waste for synthesizing value-added materials like IONPs and their application for removing dyes from wastewater make the entire process economical.
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