Comprehensive Review of Biodiesel Production from Nonedible Feedstocks: Environmental Impacts and Sustainable Solutions
J. Environ. Nanotechnol., Volume 13, No 4 (2024) pp. 257-271
Abstract
The pursuit of sustainable alternatives to fossil fuels has led to extensive research into biodiesel production and its compatibility with internal combustion (IC) engines. This review paper provides a comprehensive analysis of biodiesel synthesis methodologies using nonedible oil sources, focusing on their feasibility, efficiency, and environmental impact. Various nonedible oil feedstocks, such as Rubber, Jatropha, Pongamia, and Camelina, are evaluated for their potential as biodiesel precursors, considering factors such as availability, lipid content, and cultivation requirements. Furthermore, this review delves into the synthesis processes, including transesterification and esterification, highlighting recent advancements and challenges in improving reaction kinetics and yield. The characterization techniques employed to assess biodiesel quality, such as physicochemical properties and spectroscopic analysis, are also discussed. Additionally, the paper examines the compatibility of biodiesel derived from nonedible oils with IC engines, addressing issues related to engine performance, emissions, and durability. Comparative studies between biodiesel blends and conventional diesel fuel are presented, elucidating the effects on combustion characteristics, engine efficiency, and pollutant emissions. The potential of biodiesel to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and mitigate environmental pollution is explored, along with challenges associated with large-scale implementation and commercialization. In conclusion, this review provides valuable insights into the synthesis of biodiesel from nonedible oil sources and its compatibility with IC engines, offering a roadmap for future research directions and technology advancements in the pursuit of sustainable energy solutions.
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Reference
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