Evaluation of Spatial Variations in Surface Water Quality of Mahanadi River Basin by Geospatial-FUCOM based Prediction Utilising Fuzzy-TOPSIS Approach
J. Environ. Nanotechnol., Volume 13, No 2 (2024) pp. 298-314
Abstract
This study highlights an evaluation of surface water quality for drinking purposes in Mahanadi River Basin, Odisha using Full Consistency Method (FUCOM) based WQI (FU-WQI), with reliability-based MCDMs (Multiple-criteria decision making) such as Fuzzy-TOPSIS (F-TOP). Water samples from 19 locations were taken during the period 2018-2023 to test 20 physicochemical parameters. Further, the FU-WQI revealed that 36.84% (n=7 sites) and 5.26% (n=1) of samples belong to poor/unsuitable water quality while 47.37% of sites come under the zone of excellent water (n=9 locations). However, 10.53% of samples indicated a medium water quality. The analysis primarily revealed that at 8 samples, deterioration of domestic water, illegally dumped municipal solid waste, and agricultural runoff were the leading sources causing adulteration of the river’s water quality. As a result, a renowned MCDM model, such as F-TOP, was implemented to resolve conflicts regarding the WQI index. Hence, this innovative technique showed that SP-(9) was the most polluted in comparison with other locations, followed by SP-(8), (19), and (2). This was also accompanied by high values of nine crucial parameters, which were also higher than their desirable concentration and highest among all the locations. Following this, the analytic findings also suggest the same from the FU-WQI values 423, 198, 182 and 184 at these locations. However, it was pertinent that the pollution level at these stations was associated more with increasing and diverse anthropogenic activities. So, it is found that river water is convenient for household usage and, after disinfection, fit for human consumption.
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Reference
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